There shouldn't be a volcano here. And yet, there is not just one, but 2 of them in close proximity to each other. Welcome to the remote Russian Arctic, where at 76 degrees north latitude on Zhokov Island temperatures plunge to -30 degrees Celsius in winter months. This island volcano, while extinct, last erupted quite geologically recently; a mere 1.2 million years ago. Today's video explores two possibility how this volcano might have formed. Thumbnail Photo Credit: Google Earth, Image Landsat / Copernicus, Image IBCAO, Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GEBCO, Image U.S. Geological Survey. This image was overlaid with text, and then overlaid with GeologyHub made graphics (the image border & the GeologyHub logo). If you would like to support this channel, consider using one of the following links: (Patreon: http://patreon.com/geologyhub) (YouTube membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYeGh5VML5XPr5jYnzh3J6g/join) (Gemstone & Mineral Etsy store: http://prospectingarizona.etsy.com) (GeologyHub Merch Etsy store: http://geologyhub.etsy.com) Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers This video is protected under "fair use". If you see an image and/or video which is your own in this video, and/or think my discussion of a scientific paper (and/or discussion/mentioning of the data/information within a scientific paper) does not fall under the fair use doctrine, and wish for it to be censored or removed, contact me by email at [email protected] and I will make the necessary changes. Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image (and this list does not include every license used in this video and/or thumbnail image): Public Domain: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ CC BY 3.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode CC BY SA 3.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode CC BY 4.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode Sources/Citations: [1] Nikishin, A.M., Startseva, K.F., Verzhbitsky, V.E. et al. Sedimentary Basins of the East Siberian Sea and the Chukchi Sea and the Adjacent Area of the Amerasia Basin: Seismic Stratigraphy and Stages of Geological History. Geotecton. 53, 635–657 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016852119060104, CC BY 4.0. [2] Kos'ko, M. and Korago, E.: Review of geology of the New Siberian Islands between the Laptev and the East Siberian Seas, North East Russia, Stephan Mueller Spec. Publ. Ser., 4, 45–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/smsps-4-45-2009, 2009., CC BY 3.0. This source was used to cite the age of the two extinct Arctic volcanoes. [3] (2016). Zhokhov Island. In: Zonn, I.S., Kostianoy, A.G., Semenov, A.V. (eds) The Eastern Arctic Seas Encyclopedia. Encyclopedia of Seas. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24237-8_589 [4] Nikishin, A.M., Startseva, K.F., Verzhbitsky, V.E. et al. Erratum to: Sedimentary Basins of the East Siberian Sea and the Chukchi Sea and the Adjacent Area of the Amerasia Basin: Seismic Stratigraphy and Stages of Geological History. Geotecton. 54, 146 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016852120660012 [5] Pitulko VV, Kuzmin YV, Glascock MD, Pavlova EYu, Grebennikov AV. ‘They came from the ends of the earth’: long-distance exchange of obsidian in the High Arctic during the Early Holocene. Antiquity. 2019;93(367):28-44. doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.2 [6] U.S. Geological Survey 0:00 Arctic Volcano 0:28 Zhokhov Island 1:29 Vent Trends 2:32 Spreading Ridge 3:17 Thrust Belt 4:00 Limburgite