The largest lava fountain ever recorded on our planet reached a whopping height of 22,000 feet, towering more than 3 kilometers or nearly 10,000 feet above an already tall stratovolcano. This video will discuss how lava fountains form, and the ideal circumstances and scenarios that can generate some of the world's tallest lava fountains. Thumbnail Photo Credit: D. Swanson, U.S. Geological Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Public Domain, https://www.usgs.gov/media/images/lava-fountain. This image shows a 540 meter or 1,772 foot high lava fountain generated by Hawaii's Kilauea volcano in 1969. If you would like to support this channel, consider using one of the following links: (Patreon: http://patreon.com/geologyhub) (YouTube membership: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYeGh5VML5XPr5jYnzh3J6g/join) (Gemstone & Mineral Etsy store: http://prospectingarizona.etsy.com) (GeologyHub Merch Etsy store: http://geologyhub.etsy.com) Google Earth imagery used in this video: ©Google & Data Providers This video is protected under "fair use". If you see an image and/or video which is your own in this video, and/or think my discussion of a scientific paper (and/or discussion/mentioning of the data/information within a scientific paper) does not fall under the fair use doctrine, and wish for it to be censored or removed, contact me by email at [email protected] and I will make the necessary changes. Various licenses used in sections of this video (not the entire video, this video as a whole does not completely fall under one of these licenses) and/or in this video's thumbnail image (and this list does not include every license used in this video and/or thumbnail image): Public Domain: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ CC BY 3.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode Sources/Citations: [1] Lucchi, Federico & Nicotra, Eugenio & Coltelli, Mauro & De Astis, Gianfilippo & Bonadonna, Costanza & Cavallaro, Danilo. (2018). Active volcanoes in southern Italy (Etna, Stromboli, Vulcano and Lipari) and their multi-hazard - IAVCEI Meeting - Naples, 2018. Geological Field Trips. 10. 1-106. 10.3301/GFT.2018.02. [2] Morra, Vincenzo & Calcaterra, Domenico & Cappelletti, Piergiulio & Colella, Abner & Fedele, Lorenzo & Gennaro, R. & Langella, Alessio & Mercurio, Mariano & Gennaro, M.. (2010). Urban geology: Relationships between geological setting and architectural heritage of the Neapolitan area. Journal of the Virtual Explorer. 36. 10.3809/jvirtex.2010.00261 [3] Bonaccorso, A., S. Calvari, A. Linde, and S. Sacks (2014), Eruptive processes leading to the most explosive lava fountain at Etna volcano: The 23 November 2013 episode, Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 4912–4919, doi:10.1002/2014GL060623. [4] INGV, INGVvulcani, Boris Behncke [5] YouTube Creative Commons, CC BY 3.0, "Parossismo al Cratere di Sud-Est dell'Etna, 10 febbraio 2022: flussi piroclastici", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaqZsDuGAxM 0:00 Lava Fountains 0:45 Tallest Lava Fountains 3:29 Ideal Compositions 4:18 Lava Fountain Comparison